| Links : ± |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for general beams using the Euler Bernoulli beam equation. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Refer to the links below for other beam options. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipe Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for pipe beams using the Euler Bernoulli beam equation. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). For multi layer beams the concrete stiffness can be included in EI by multiplying EI by a factor (1 + CSF). The bending stress at the field joint should also be multiplied by the factor (1 + CSF) to account for stress localisation (select the pipe joint option for bending stiffness) . The concrete stiffness factor is calculated from the ratio of concrete EI over beam EI in accordance with DNVGL RP F105. The method is suitable for circular beams and pipes. For other profile shapes engineering judgement is required. The stress check includes longitudinal stress, Tresca combined stress, and von Mises equivalent stress. The bending stress is calculated at the pipe mid wall. The hoop stress is calculated using the Barlow mid wall equation with the nominal wall thickness. : `Sh = (P - Pe) (OD - tn) / (2 tn) ` where : Sh = hoop stress
P = internal pressure
Pe = external pressure
OD = pipe outside diameter
tn = pipe nominal thickness Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Circular And Semi Circular Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for circular beams, semi circular beams, circular beam segments, and circular beam sectors. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Elliptical And Semi Elliptical Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for elliptical and semi elliptical beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Square Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for solid and hollow square beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Rectangular Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for solid and hollow rectangular beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Parallelogram Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for solid and hollow parallelogram beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Trapezoid Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for solid trapezoid beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Diamond Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for solid and hollow diamond beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Rectangular Channel Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for rectangular channel section beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Triangular Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for equilateral, isoceles and scalene triangle beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Right Angle Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for right angle beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : T Section Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for T section beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : I Section Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for I section beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Polygon Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for regular polygon beams. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Rotated Beam Bending ±
Calculate beam bending shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection for rotated beams. Enter the beam moments of inertia and product of inertia at the centroid. For the principal axes the product of inertia is zero. The Euler Bernoulli beam equation is suitable for slender beams (it does not include the effect of shear), and for small angles (θ < 0.5 rad). The calculations are not valid past the beam end points. For combined loads, the shear force, bending moment, slope and deflection are assumed to be additive. The beam end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed). All distances are measured from the left end of the beam. Beam end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned beam ends. Combined loads include axial loads, point loads, distributed loads, weight loads, concentrated moments, angular displacements, lateral displacements, and uniform temperature gradient. For beams with compressive axial loads the bending moment, slope and deflection tend to infinity as the axial load tends to the buckling load. For tension loads, the bending moment, slope and deflection decrease with increasing tension. The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the beam ends are poorly defined. For defined beam ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1). Use the Result Plot option to plot the bending moment, shear force, slope, deflection and stress versus position x. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details. Reference : Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, Warren C Young, McGraw Hill Change Module : |
CALCULATOR MODULE : Line Pipe EA And EI ±
Calculate pipe EA and EI from pipe schedule diameter and wall thickness. Use the Result Table option to display the results for the selected pipe diameter. For multi layer pipes (line pipe with outside layers and or inside layers), the results for each layer are displayed in the output view at the bottom of the page. Change the number of layers on the setup page. Change Module : Related Modules : |