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HTHP High Temperature High Pressure Pipeline Modules

Links : ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : High Temperature High Pressure (HTHP) Pipeline Line Pipe Schedule   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Temperature Decay Curve   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline End Expansion   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Hobbs Lateral And Upheaval Buckling   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Upheaval Buckling   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline upheaval buckling using either the Hobbs method, the Pipeng method, or the LRSTAR method.

The Hobbs method can be used for used for pipelines lying on the seabed. The LRSTAR and Pipeng methods are suitable for buried pipelines, and have been developed using the results from finite element analysis (FEA). The LRSTAR method uses a cubic spline fit for the dimensionless Richards length number and Richards weight number. The Pipeng method uses a simple mathematical relationship between the Calladine Length number and the Calladine load number based on beam theory.

The Hobbs method calculates the initiation temperature from the global axial load, the load outside the slip zone, and hence accounts for the expansion of the pipe prior to buckling. The Pipeng method and LRSTAR method calculate the initiation temperature from the axial load in the buckle, and do not account for the expansion of the pipe prior to buckling. The Pipeng method and LRSTAR method are therefore slightly conservative. In addition, the LRSTAR method includes a built in design factor. The LRSTAR method is therefore more conservative than the Pipeng method.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Lateral Buckling   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Upheaval Buckling Trigger   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline upheaval buckling trigger height using Hobbs method.

Upheaval buckling triggers are used to initiate controlled buckling of high temperature high pressure pipelines. The trigger height should be designed so that the upheaval buckling initiation temperature is lower than the lateral buckling initiation temperature for all four lateral buckling modes. The triggers should be spaced according to the buckle initiation slip length. Use the Result Plot option to display the buckle initiation temperature versus either lateral out of straightness or trigger height, and use the goal seek option to calculate the required trigger height.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Walking   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Soil Weight   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Soil Friction   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Uplift Resistance   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Mass And Weight   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline unit mass (mass per length), and total mass from length.

The mass per joint can be calculated from the joint length. Construction quantities can be calculated from the total pipe length. Pipe unit mass (mass per length) and pipe unit weight (weight per length) can be calculated for multi layer pipelines (dry empty, dry full, wet empty and wet full pipelines). For multi layer pipelines, the first internal layer is the line pipe. Change the number of layers on the setup page.

Use the Result Table option to display a table of pipe mass and weight versus schedule wall thickness for the selected diameter.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Local Pressure   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Prop   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Fluid Heat Capacity   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline fluid heat capacity for two phase and three phase fluids.

The two phase fluid calculator can be used for single phase gas, single phase liquid, or two phase gas and liquid. The three phase black oil calculator can be used for single phase oil, single phase water, two phase oil and water, and three phase oil, water and gas. Water cut is the volume fraction of water in the liquid phase (ignoring the gas phase). Gas oil ratio (GOR) is the ratio of gas moles to liquid volume (ignoring the water phase). Gas moles are commonly measured as gas volume at standard conditions, eg SCM (Standard Conditions Meter) or SCF (Standard Conditions Feet).

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Fluid Viscosity   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline fluid viscosity for two phase and three phase fluids.

The two phase fluid calculator can be used for single phase gas, single phase liquid, or two phase gas and liquid. The three phase black oil calculator can be used for single phase oil, single phase water, two phase oil and water, and three phase oil, water and gas. Water cut is the volume fraction of water in the liquid phase (ignoring the gas phase). Gas oil ratio (GOR) is the ratio of gas moles to liquid volume (ignoring the water phase). Gas moles are commonly measured as gas volume at standard conditions, eg SCM (Standard Conditions Meter) or SCF (Standard Conditions Feet).

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Heat Transfer Coefficient   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Hot Pipeline Euler Buckling Or Bar Buckling   ±

Calculate high temperature pipeline Euler buckling or bar buckling load.

Pipe end types include: free fixed (cantilever), guided fixed, pinned fixed, fixed fixed (built in or fixed), pinned pinned (simply supported), and guided pinned pipe ends. The pipe end conditions are of the form left end - right end (for example Pin-Fix is left end pinned and right end fixed).

The buckling load can be calculated using either the Euler equation (suitable for long beams), the Johnson equation (suitable for short beams), or the buckling load equation can be determined from the transition length. The buckling load is positive. The axial load is negative in compression. Buckling will generally occur about the axis with the lowest EI, depending on constraints.

The effective length factor should be used for beams on a soft foundation such as soil, where the pipe ends are poorly defined. For defined pipe ends, such as structures, the effective length factor should be set to one (fe = 1).

Concrete stiffness can be included in EI by multiplying EI by a factor (1 + CSF). The concrete stiffness factor is calculated from the ratio of concrete EI over pipe EI in accordance with DNVGL RP F105.

Use the Result Plot option to plot the buckling load versus nominal length. Use the Result Table option to display the buckling load versus end type. Refer to the figures and help pages for more details.

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