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Pipeline Stress Modules

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Line Pipe Schedule   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping schedule for metal and plastic piping.

The piping minimum wall thickness and hoop stress wall thickness schedule can be calculated from the nominal wall thickness, fabrication tolerance and corrosion allowance.

`tm = tn - fa `
`tm = (1 - fx) tn `
`t = tm - c `

where :

tn = nominal wall thickness
tm = minimum wall thickness
t = hoop stress wall thickness
c = corrosion thickness allowance
fa = negative fabrication thickness allowance
fx = negative fabrication fraction

The minimum wall thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the fabrication allowance. The pressure containment wall thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the fabrication tolerance, and minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance can be defined by either a fabrication allowance, or a fabrication fraction. The pipe diameter can be defined by either the outside diameter or the inside diameter. Use the Result Table option to display a table of pipe dimensions versus wall thickness, wall tolerance, or piping diameter for metal pipes, or pipe dimension versus wall thickness for plastic pipes.

Calculate metal piping maximum and minimum diameter schedule. Use the Result Table option to display a table of pipe dimensions versus wall thickness, wall tolerance, or piping diameter.

Calculate piping unit mass and joint mass schedule for metal and plastic piping. Use the Result Table option to display a table of pipe dimensions and mass versus wall thickness.

Calculate piping tensile stress, yield stress and allowable schedule for metal piping. Use the Result Table option to display a table of stress versus material type.

Plastic pipe wall thickness can be defined by wall thickness or diameter ratio (DR or IDR). Select standard diameter ratios from the plastic pipe schedule (SDR or SIDR), or use user defined diameter ratios (DR or IDR).

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Basic Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping allowable stress (S), yield stress (SYT) and tensile stress (SUT) from temperature for low pressure piping (ASME B31.3 Table A-1) and high pressure piping (ASME B31.3 Table K-1).

Stress values are interpolated from the US data tables (US units govern). For temperatures below the data range, the stress value is constant (fracture toughness should also be considered for low temperature operation). For temperatures above the data range the stress values can either be constant value from the end point, constant slope from the end point, or zero from the end point. Engineering judgement is required to use extrapolated values above the data range.

Use the Data Plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window (Table A-1 or K-1). Use the Result Table option to display a table of allowable stress versus material type. Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables. Change units on the setup page. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). The ASME B16.5 Class 2500 pressure temperature rating for the material group is often used as a criteria.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping wall thickness from temperature for low pressure steel pipe (Table A-1), high pressure steel pipe (Table K-1), and plastic piping.

Allowable stress for steel pipe is calculated from Table A-1 and Table K-1 US values (US units govern). Change units on the setup page. Stress values can be extrapolated for temperatures above the data range (care is required when using extrapolated values). The wall thickness calculations are valid for internal overpressure only. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations.

Use the Data Plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window (Table A-1, or Table K-1). Use the Result Table option to display a table of wall thickness and allowable pressure versus material type (for the calculate wall thickness option the allowable pressure equals the design pressure. for the specified wall thickness option the wall thickness equals the specified wall thickness). Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables. Change units on the setup page. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). The ASME B16.5 Class 2500 pressure temperature rating for the material group is often used as a criteria.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping hoop stress for low pressure steel pipe (Table A-1), high pressure steel pipe (Table K-1), and plastic piping.

The hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance). For operation the hoop stress should be ≤ the design stress. For pressure tests, the hoop stress should be ≤ 100% of yield stress for hydrotest, or ≤ 90% of yield stress for pneumatic tests. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). The ASME B16.5 Class 2500 pressure temperature rating for the material group is often used as a criteria.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping hydrotest and pneumatic leak test pressure and hoop stress check. The test pressure should be 1.5 times the design pressure for hydrotest, or 1.1 times the design pressure for pneumatic test. An allowance should be made for the pipe design temperature.

Hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance). Minimum wall thickness is recommended for new piping, or piping in as new condition. The pressure design wall thickness is recommended for corroded piping. The hoop stress should be ≤ 100% of yield for hydrotest, or ≤ 90% of yield for pneumatic tests. The test pressure should be ≤ 1.5 x the pressure rating for pressure rated components.

For piping systems with combined internal and external pressure during operation, the test pressure should be calculated from the internal pressure only. The hoop stress should be calculated from the pressure difference during testing. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). The ASME B16.5 Class 2500 pressure temperature rating for the material group is often used as a criteria.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Bend   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping minimum thickness for formed bends, and allowable pressure for miter bends.

Minimum thickness of formed bends is calculated for the inside radius, the oputside radius, and the centerline radius. Bend thinning on the outside radius is estimated using the method from ASME B31.1. The estimated minimum bend thickness after thinning should be ≥ the required minimum bend thickness on the outside radius (extrados). Use the goal seek option to calculate the required straight pipe nominal wall thickness (before bending), for the minimum thickness on the outside radius (after bending).

The allowable pressure for miter bends is calculated from the nominal wall thickness. Use the goal seek option to calculate the required miter bend nominal wall thickness for the design pressure. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Minimum Temperature For Impact Testing   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping minimum temperature for impact testing from wall thickness and material type.

For carbon steel materials with a minimum temperature letter designation, the minimum temperature for testing can be calculated according to table 323.2.2A (curves A, B, C and D).

If the maximum stress is less than the design stress, the impact testing temperature can be reduced according to figure 323.2.2B using the stress ratio. The stress ratio is the maximum of hoop stress over design stress, combined stress over design stress, or operating pressure over pressure rating for pressure rated components. The reduction in impact testing temperature from stress ratio is valid for minimum temperatures listed in table A-1, and for minimum temnperatures calculated from a letter designation (curves A, B, C or D). Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up minimum temperature and letter designation data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Allowable Bolt Load And Bolt Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.3 process piping bolt design load and design stress from temperature (ASME B31.3 Table A-2). Stress values are interpolated from the US data tables (US units govern).

Bolt load is calculated from the design stress and the tensile area for either ANSI threads or ISO threads. For temperatures below the data range, the stress value is constant (fracture toughness should also be considered for low temperature operation). For temperatures above the data range the stress values can either be constant value from the end point, constant slope from the end point, or zero from the end point. Engineering judgement is required to use extrapolated values above the data range.

Use the Data Plot option to plot the design stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table (Table A-2). Use the Result Table option to display a table of design stress and design load versus either material type or bolt diameter. Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up bolt allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate ASME B31.4 oil and liquid pipeline wall thickness from hoop stress for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate line pipe schedule (ASME or ISO etc) and stress table (API, ASM, DNV etc), and material. Wall thickness is calculated using Barlow's formula. For offshore pipelines either the pipe outside diameter or the mid wall diameter can be used to calculate wall thickness. The wall thickness should be checked for all elevations. Use the Result Plot option to plot required wall thickness versus elevation, or hoop stress versus elevation for user defined wall thickness.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.4 : Pipeline Transportation Systems For Liquids And Slurries (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate ASME B31.4 oil and liquid pipeline test pressure and hoop stress check for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate line pipe schedule (ASME or ISO etc) and stress table (API, ASM, DNV etc), and material. Hoop stress is calculated using Barlow's formula. For offshore pipelines either the pipe outside diameter or the mid wall diameter can be used to calculate hoop stress. The test pressure and hoop stress should be checked for all elevations. Use the Result Plot option to plot the required test pressure versus elevation, or hoop stress verus elevation for user defined test pressure.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.4 : Pipeline Transportation Systems For Liquids And Slurries (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.4 oil and liquid pipeline allowable stress for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate stress table (API, ASM, DNV etc), and material. Use the Result Table option to display the results for the selected stress table (click the Result Table button on the plot bar, then click the make table button). For metal pipeline the pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance is ignored.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.4 : Pipeline Transportation Systems For Liquids And Slurries (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Yield Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Ripple Defect   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.8 gas pipeline allowable stress from temperature for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate stress table (API, ASM, DNV etc), and material. Use the Result Table option to display the results for the selected stress table (click the Result Table button on the plot bar, then click the make table button). For metal pipeline the pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance is ignored.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.8 : Gas Transmission And Distribution Piping Systems (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate ASME B31.8 gas pipeline wall thickness from hoop stress for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate line pipe schedule (ASME or ISO etc), and stress table (API, ASME or DNV), or use the user defined options. Pipe pressure can either be calculated from elevation, or user defined. For metal pipeline the pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance is ignored. The wall thickness should be checked for all pipeline elevations. A wall thickness should be specified which is greater than or equal to the maximum calculated wall thickness (usually by selecting the next highest schedule thickness). Use the Result Plot option to plot the calculated wall thickness versus elevation, and the hoop stress versus elevation for the specified wall thickness.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.8 : Gas Transmission And Distribution Piping Systems (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.8 gas pipeline hoop stress from wall thickness for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Pipe pressure can either be calculated from elevation, or user defined. Select the appropriate line pipe schedule (ASME or ISO etc), and stress table (API, ASME or DNV), or use the user defined options. For metal pipeline the pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance is ignored.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.8 : Gas Transmission And Distribution Piping Systems (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate ASME B31.8 gas pipeline test pressure and hoop stress check for onshore and offshore pipelines.

Select the appropriate line pipe schedule (ASME or ISO etc), and stress table (API, ASME or DNV), or use the user defined options. For metal pipeline the pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. Fabrication tolerance is ignored. Pipe pressure can either be calculated from elevation, or user defined. The test pressure should be checked for all pipeline elevations. A test point test pressure should be specified which is greater than or equal to the maximum calculated test pressure (usually by rounding up the maximum test pressure). Use the Result Plot option to plot the test pressure versus elevation, and the hoop stress versus elevation for the specified test pressure.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.8 : Gas Transmission And Distribution Piping Systems (2018)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Ripple And Dent Defect   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Temperature Derating   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31G Flow Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31G flow stress from SMYS and SMTS.

Flow stress can be calculated by three methods

  • Sf = 1.1 x SMYS (Plain Carbon Steel T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS)
  • Sf = SMYS + 69 MPA (SMYS ≤ 483 MPa, T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS)
  • Sf = (SYT + SUT) / 2 (SMYS ≤ 551 MPa)

SYT and SUT are the temperature derated yield stress and tensile stress for temperatures above 120 C. The derating factors are valid up to 232 C (450 F). Material specific test data should be used if it is available.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31G Manual For Determining The Remaining Strength Of Corroded Pipelines (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.1 power piping basic allowable stress (S), allowable stress (SE), design stress (SEW), tensile stress (SUT), and yield stress (SYT) from the design temperature (US units).

The allowable stress (SE) is calculated from tables A-1 to A-10. The calculated stress values are constant for temperatures below the data range. For temperatures above the data range, the stress values can be calculated as either a constant value from the highest data point, constant slope from the highest data point, or set to zero. Stress values for temperatures above the data range should be ued carefully (engineering judgement is required).

The yield stress and tensile stress are assumed to be proportional to the allowable stress (approximate only). Actual yield stress and tensile stress temperature data should be used if it is available. The weld factor is only relevant for temperatures in the creep range. The weld factor W = 1 for temperatures below the creep onset temperature, or for seamless pipe.

Use the data plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window. Use the Result Table option to display a table of allowable stress versus material type. The calculations use US standard units. Change input and output units on the setup page. Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables (click the resources button on the data bar). Use the workbook ASME B31.1 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping (2014)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate ASME B31.1 power piping wall thickness from the design temperature.

Wall thickness can be calculated from either the outside diameter (constant OD), or the inside diameter (constant ID).

The allowable stress (SE) is calculated from tables A-1 to A-9. For temperatures above the data range, select either constant value, constant slope, or zero value (engineering judgement is required). The weld factor W is relevant for temperatures in the creep range. For temperatures below the creep onset temperature W = 1. The ASME Y factor can either be calculated, or user defined. For thick wall pipe (D/tm < 6) Y is calculated from the diameter. For thin wall pipe Y is calculated from the temperature. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations.

Use the data plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window. Use the Result Table option to display a table of wall thickness and allowable pressure versus material type (for the calculate wall thickness option the allowable pressure equals the design pressure. for the specified wall thickness option the wall thickness is constant). The calculations use SI standard units. Change input and output units on the setup page. Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables (click the resources button on the data bar). Use the workbook ASME B31.1 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping (2014)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.1 power piping hoop stress for metal and plastic piping.

Hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance). The minimum wall thickness can be used for new pipe, or pipe in good condition. The pressure design wall thickness should be used for corroded pipe. The pipe diameter can be defined from either the outside diameter, or the inside diameter. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations. Use the workbook ASME B31.1 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping (2014)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate ASME B31.1 power piping hydrotest pressure and pneumatic leak test pressure for steel pipe and plastic piping.

The test pressure should be ≥ 1.5 times the design pressure for hydrotest, and ≥ 1.2 times the design pressure for pneumatic tests. The hoop stress during testing should be ≤ 90% of the yield stress. Hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance).

For piping systems with combined internal and external pressure the test pressure should be calculated from the internal pressure. The hoop stress is calculated from the pressure difference during testing. Use the workbook ASME B31.1 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping (2014)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Allowable Bolt Load And Bolt Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.1 power piping allowable bolt load and bolt stress from temperature (US units).

Allowable bolt stress is calculated from tables A-10. Bolt tensile area can be calculated for either ANSI threads, or ISO threads.

Use the data plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window (ASME B31.1 Table A-10). Use the Result Table option to display a table of allowable stress and allowable load versus material type. Use the workbook ASME B31.1 data tables to look up allowable bolt stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping (2014)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.5 refrigeration piping allowable stress (S), yield stress (SYT) and tensile stress (SUT) from the design temperature.

Stress values are calculated from temperature using Table 502.3.1 (US values). Change units on the setup page. For temperatures below the data range, the stress value is constant (fracture toughness should also be considered for low temperature operation). For temperatures above the data range the stress values can either be constant value for the end point, constant slope from the end point, or zero from the end point. Engineering judgement is required to use extrapolated values above the data range.

Use the data plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window. Use the Result Table option to display a table of allowable stress versus material type. Refer to the help pages for notes on the data tables. Use the workbook ASME B31.5 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.5 : Refrigeration Piping And Heat Transfer Components (2013)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate ASME B31.5 refrigeration piping wall thickness from internal pressure and design temperature .

Allowable stress is calculated from temperature using Table 502.3.1 (US values). Change units on the setup page. Stress values can be extrapolated for temperatures above the data range (care is required when using extrapolated values). The wall thickness calculations are valid for internal overpressure only. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations.

Use the data plot option to plot the allowable stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window. Use the Result Table option to display a table of wall thickness and allowable pressure versus material type (for the calculate wall thickness option the allowable pressure equals the design pressure. For the specified wall thickness option the wall thickness is constant). Use the workbook ASME B31.5 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.5 : Refrigeration Piping And Heat Transfer Components (2013)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate ASME B31.5 refrigeration piping hoop stress from internal pressure. Use the allowable stress calculators to calculate the allowable stress from the design temperature.

The hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance). For operation the hoop stress should be ≤ the design stress. For pressure tests, the hoop stress should be ≤ 100% of yield stress for hydrotest, or ≤ 90% of yield strss for pneumatic tests. For combined internal and external pressure use the pressure difference in the calculations. Use the workbook ASME B31.5 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.5 : Refrigeration Piping And Heat Transfer Components (2013)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate ASME B31.5 refrigeration piping hydrotest and pneumatic leak test pressure and hoop stress check. Use the allowable stress calculators to calculate the yield stress from the design temperature.

The test pressure should be 1.5 times the design pressure for hydrotest, or 1.1 times the design pressure for pneumatic test. Hydrotest should be used for secondary cooling piping only. Hydrotest should not be used for refrigeration piping.

Hoop stress can be calculated for either the minimum wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (minimum wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance). Minimum wall thickness is recommended for new piping, or piping in as new condition. The pressure design wall thickness is recommended for corroded piping. The hoop stress should be ≤ 90% of yield for hydrotest or pneumatic tests.

For piping systems with combined internal and external pressure during operation, the test pressure should be calculated from the internal pressure only. The hoop stress should be calculated separately from the pressure difference during testing (use the hoop stress calculator). Use the workbook ASME B31.5 data tables to look up allowable stress data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.5 : Refrigeration Piping And Heat Transfer Components (2013)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Minimum Temperature For Impact Testing   ±

Calculate ASME B31.5 refrigeration piping minimum temperature for impact testing from wall thickness and material type.

For carbon steel materials with a minimum temperature letter designation, the minimum temperature for testing can be calculated according to table 523.2.2 (curves A, B and C).

If the maximum stress is less than the design stress, the impact testing temperature can be reduced according to figure 523.2.2 using the stress ratio (the ratio of design tensile streess over allowable stress). Use the hoop stress calculator to calculate the hoop tensile stress. Use the flexibility calculators to calculate longitudinal tensile stress. Use the workbook ASME B31.5 data tables to look up minimum temperature and letter designation data.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.5 : Refrigeration Piping And Heat Transfer Components (2013)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Wall Thickness   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Test Pressure   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Combined Stress Check   ±

Calculate pipeline longitudinal stress, Tresca combined stress, and Von Mises equivalent stress checks. Hoop stress is calculated using either Barlow's equation (suitable for thin wall pipes), the log equation (suitable for thick wall pipes), or Lame's equation (suitable for thick wall pipes).

The axial load is calculated using the thick wall formula (API RP 1111 and DNV OS F101). For onshore and offshore pipelines the internal pressure is assumed zero during installation. For offshore pipelines, the external pressure is assumed constant for installation and operation. For onshore pipelines external pressure should be ignored. The design factor should include all relevant factors (eg quality factor E and stress factor F etc).

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Expansion Spool   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Lame's Equation Thick Wall Pipe Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Lame's Equation Compound Cylinder Or Pipe   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Yield Stress And Tensile Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : Pipeline Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate pipeline allowable stress from the specified minimum yield stress (SMYS) and the design factor (EF).

The SMYS is calculated from the pipe stress tables (API, ASME or DNV). The design factor equals the quality factor multiplied by the stress factor (EF = E x F). The quality factor (E) can be used to account for either casting defects, or longitudinal weld joint effects. The stress factor (F) is used to account for design risks (for high risks use a low design factor etc). Use the Result Table option to display the results for the selected stress table.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL ST F101 Submarine Pipeline Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate DNVGL-ST-F101 submarine pipeline system test pressure and mill test pressure.

The system test pressure is calculated from the local incidental pressure. The required system test pressure and mill test pressure should be calculated for all points on the pipeline or pipeline section. Use the Result Plot option to plot the test pressure and hoop stress from minimum to maximum elevation.

Reference : DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL ST F101 Submarine Pipeline Bend Allowable Stress Design (ASD)   ±

Calculate DNVGL-ST-F101 submarine pipeline allowable stress design (ASAD) check for combined loading. The allowable stress design (ASD) check can be used for pipeline induction bends with combined loading which includes a torsion load. The allowable stress design (ASD) check is a von Mises equivalent stress check.

Reference : DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL ST F101 Submarine Pipeline Temperature Derating   ±

Calculate DNVGL-ST-F101 submarine pipeline temperature derating stress from temperature.

Derating is valid for temperatures up to 200 C. Material specific test data should be used if it is available. For low temperature pipelines, fracture toughness should also be considered.

Reference : DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL ST F101 Submarine Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate DNVGL-ST-F101 submarine pipeline hoop stress from local incidental pressure.

The local incidental pressure can either be calculated, or user defined. For temporary conditions the actual local pressure can be used (eg for system pressure test). External pressure should be calculated for the minimum local water depth (lowest astronomical tide minus storm surge). For temporary conditions storm surge can be ignored. For pressure containment use wall thickness t1. For other cases use wall thickness t2.

Reference : DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL ST F101 Submarine Pipeline Dent Depth   ±

Calculate DNVGL-ST-F101 maximum allowable dent depth.

Reference : DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AGA NG18 Flow Stress   ±

Calculate AGA NG-18 flow stress from SMYS and SMTS.

Flow stress can be calculated by three methods

  • Sf = 1.1 x SMYS (Plain Carbon Steel T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS)
  • Sf = SMYS + 69 MPA (SMYS ≤ 483 MPa, T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS)
  • Sf = (SYT + SUT) / 2 (SMYS ≤ 551 MPa)

SYT and SUT are the temperature derated yield stress and tensile stress for temperatures above 120 C. The derating factors are valid up to 232 C (450 F). Material specific stress data should be used if it is available.

Reference : AGA Pipeline Research Committee NG-18 Report 204 Ductile Fracture Properties of Selected Linepipe Steels

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CALCULATOR MODULE : PRCI PR 3805 RSTRENG Flow Stress   ±

Calculate PR-3-805 RSTRENG flow stress from SMYS and SMTS.

Flow stress can be calculated by three methods

  • Sf = 1.1 x SMYS (Plain Carbon Steel T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS) original ASME B31G
  • Sf = SMYS + 69 MPA (SMYS ≤ 483 MPa, T < 120 C and Sf < SMTS) RSTRENG
  • Sf = (SYT + SUT) / 2 (SMYS ≤ 551 MPa) modified ASME B31G

SYT and SUT are the temperature derated yield stress and tensile stress for temperatures above 120 C. The derating factors are valid up to 232 C (450 F). Material specific stress data should be used if it is available.

Reference : PRCI, Pipeline Research Committee Project, PR-3-805, “A Modified Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipe,” December 22, 1989, PRCI PR-3-805 (R-STRENG) With RSTRENG Disk.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1111 Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1111 Pipeline Combined Loading   ±

Calculate API RP 1111 limit state pipeline combined loading check.

For the external pressure check, the external pressure should be calcuated for the maximum water depth (highest astronomical tide plus storm surge). The internal pressure should be the maximum sustainable pressure (normally zero).

For the axial load check, the axial load can be calculated for either fully constrained pipeline, unconstrained pipeline, or user defined loads.

Reference : API RP 1111 : Design, Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Offshore Hydrocarbon Pipelines (Limit State Design) (2011)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1102 Pipeline Crossing Line Pipe Schedule   ±

Calculate API RP 1102 steel pipeline diameter, nominal wall thickness and pressure containment wall thickness.

For API RP 1102, the fabrication tolerance is included in the design factor. The fabrication tolerance is not required provided that the tolerance is within the relevant specification. The pressure containment wall thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. The pipe diameter can be defined by either the outside diameter or the inside diameter.

Use the Result Table option to display a table of pipe cross section versus wall thickness for the selected diameter.

Reference : API RP 1102 : Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1102 Pipeline Highway Crossing   ±

Calculate API RP 1102 pipeline highway crossings.

API 1102 is suitable for cased and uncased steel pipeline road and highway crossings.

Standard loads for single and tandem axle vehicles are included. The standard soil weight is 18.9 kN/m^3. Soil weight and wheel loads can also be user defined. The design factors are calculated from the figures. For input values outside the range in the figures the values are extrapolated (select either constant value or constant slope option). Extrapolated values should be used carefully.

Note : The calculations are based on the SI data values. User input values can be either US units or SI units. Change units on the setup page (click the Setup link on the calc bar). Units can be mixed, and do not need to be consistent.

Reference : API RP 1102 : Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1102 Pipeline Railroad Crossing   ±

Calculate API RP 1102 pipeline railroad crossings.

API 1102 is suitable for cased and uncased steel pipeline railway crossings.

The design factors are calculated from the figures. Design factors are extrapolated for input values outside the range in the figures. Extrapolated values should be used carefully (select either constant value or constant slope option). The standard soil weight is 18.9 kN/m^3. Standard loads for single track and double track railroads are included. Soil weight and wheel loads can also be user defined.

Note : The calculations are based on the SI data values. User input values can be either US units or SI units. Change units on the setup page (click the Setup link on the calc bar). Units can be mixed, and do not need to be consistent.

Reference : API RP 1102 : Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API RP 1102 Pipeline Design Stress And Design Pressure   ±

Calculate API RP 1102 pipeline allowable stress and maximum allowable design pressure from wall thickness.

The allowable stress is calculated from the SMYS, diameter and wall thickness. The allowable pressure is calculated so that the hoop stress equals the allowable stress, allowing for pipe wall allowances. Use the Result Table option to display the calculated stress and allowable pressure values.

Reference : API RP 1102 : Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways (2012)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : API 5L Line Pipe SMYS And SMTS   ±

Calculate API 5L line pipe specified minimum yield stress (SMYS) and specified minimum tensile stress (SMTS). API 5L yield stress is normally measured at 0.5% strain.

References :

API 5L : Specification for Line Pipe (2007)
ISO 3183 : Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries - Steel Pipe For Pipeline Transportation Systems (2007)

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Related Modules :

CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31 Stress Intensity Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Flexibility And Stress Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Flexibility And Stress Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.4 Liquid Pipeline Flexibility And Stress Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Flexibility And Stress Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Flexibility And Stress Factor   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL RP F101 Temperature Derating   ±

Calculate DNVGL RP F101 yield stress and ultimate stress temperature derating from temperature.

The derating stress is calculated in accordance with DNV OS F101 submarine pipeline systems. The derating stress is valid for temperatures less than or equal to 200 degrees C. Material tests should be performed for operating temperatures above 200 C.

Reference : DNVGL-RP-F101 : Corroded Pipelines (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL RP F101 Pipeline Longitudinal Stress   ±

Calculate DNVGL RP F101 pipeline longitudinal stress from axial stress and bending stress.

The longitudinal stress is calculated from the nominal diameter and wall thickness. The axial stress can either be calculated from the pipeline temperature and pressure, or user defined.

Reference : DNVGL-RP-F101 : Corroded Pipelines (Download from the DNVGL website)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Bolt Stress From Bolt Load   ±

Calculate bolt tensile stress from bolt load.

Select the bolt schedule (UNC, UNF, BSW or ISO), bolt diameter and thread, tensile area type (ANSI threads or ISO threads), and bolt material type (SAE, ISO or ASME). Bolt stress is calculated from the bolt load divided by the tensile stress area. The bolt is assumed to be in tension. The design stress is calculated from the yield stress or proof stress (SMYS).

Use the Result Table option to display a table of bolt stress versus either bolt size or bolt material.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Bolt Tensile Area   ±

Calculate bolt tensile area and design load from the bolt diameter and design stress.

Bolt tensile area can be calculated for either ANSI threads or ISO threads. Bolt size can be calculated for either UNC, UNF, BSW or ISO bolts. The design stress can be calculated for either SAE, ISO or ASME bolt materials. The allowable bolt load is calculated from the design stress multiplied by the tensile area.

Use the Result Table option to display a table of tensile area and design load versus either bolt size or bolt material.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Bolt Design Load   ±

Calculate bolt design stress and design load from bolt diameter and yield stress or proof stress.

Bolt load is calculated from the design stress (SAE, ISO or ASME), bolt size (UNC, UNF, BSW or ISO) and the tensile area (ANSI or ISO threads).

Use the Result Table option to display a table of design stress and design load versus either bolt size or bolt material.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Bolt Design Stress And Design Load From Temperature   ±

Calculate bolt design load and design stress from temperature and bolt diameter.

The design stress calculations are taken from ASME B31.31.3 process piping, and ASME B31.1 power piping. The bolt tensile area is calculated for either ANSI threads or ISO threads. Bolt size can be calculated for either UNC, UNF, BSW or ISO threads.

Use the Result Plot option to display a plot of design stress versus temperature for the selected material. Use the Data Table option to display the data table in the popup window. Use the Result Table option to display a table of bolt design load versus either bolt size or bolt material.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : Flange Bolt Tensile Load   ±

Calculate flange bolt load, bolt stress and flange pressure.

The bolt load, bolt stress and flange pressure can be calculated from either the bolt design stress, a user defined bolt stress, a user defined bolt load, or a user defined flange pressure. The flange pressure is calculated with no gasket preload, or external loads such as bending moment. The bolt load equals the bolt stress times the tensile area. Tensile area is calculated for either ANSI or ISO threads. Bolt size can be calculated for either UNC, UNF, BSW or ISO bolts. The design stress can be calculated for either SAE, ISO or ASME bolt materials.

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Wall Thickness   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline wall thickness from hoop stress for dry and submerged pipelines.

Pipe wall thickness is governed by the maximum internal pressure for dry pipelines, or the maximum pressure difference for wet pipeline sections. For dry pipelines, the maximum internal pressure occurs at the lowest point on the pipeline or pipeline section. For wet oil and gas pipelines with internal fluid SG less than 1, the maximum pressure difference occurs at the highest submerged elevatin (eg the water surface). The required wall thickness should be calculated for each different section based on the primary and secondary location class. For each section, a wall thickness should be selected which is greater than or equal to the required wall thickness for the whole section.

Use the Result Plot option to plot either the calculated wall thickness versus elevation, or the hoop stress versus elevation for the selected wall thickness. Wall thickness is calculated using Barlow's formula. The fabrication allowance is required for pipes where the fabrication tolerance exceeds the relevant specification (for example some seamless pipe).

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Hoop Stress   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline hoop stress from wall thickness and internal pressure.

Hoop stress is calculated using Barlow's formula. Hoop stress can be calculated for either the nominal wall thickness, the minimum wall thickness (nominal thickness minus fabrication allowance), or the pressure design wall thickness (nominal wall thickness minus fabrication allowance and general allowance). The fabrication allowance is only required for pipes where the fabrication tolerance exceeds the relevant specification (for example some seamless pipe).

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Hydrotest Pressure   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline test pressure and hoop stress check.

The required test pressure at the test point (the location where the test pressure is measured) is calculated from the local test pressure. The maximum test point pressure corresponds to the highest point on the pipeline. A test point pressure should be selected which is greater than or equal to the maximum calculated test point pressure, and the maximum hoop stress checked. For dry pipelines, the maximum hoop stress occurs at the lowest point on the pipeline. For wet pipeline sections, the maximum hoop stress occurs in the submerged section. Use the Result Plot option to plot the required test pressure versus elevation, or the hoop stress versus elevation for the selected test pressure. Hoop stress is calculated using Barlow's formula.

For the case where the local internal pressure is assumed to be equal to the maximum operating pressure at all points on the pipeline, use the user defined local pressure option, and set the internal pressure equal to the maximum operating pressure. This option is more onerous.

Note : A simplified check can be performed by calculating the maximum delta elevation from the maximum and minimum test pressure.

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Allowable Stress   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline yield stress and allowable stress.

Select the appropriate stress table (API, ASM, DNV etc), material, and design factor. Use the Result Table option to display the results for the selected stress table (click the Result Table button on the plot bar, then click the make table button). The pressure design thickness equals the nominal wall thickness minus the corrosion allowance. The fabrication allowance is only required for pipes where the fabrication tolerance exceeds the relevant specification (for example some grades of seamless pipe).

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Fatigue Stress   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline fatigue stress and allowable cycles.

A fatigue analysis is not required for stress amplitude less than or equal to 35 MPa. A fracture mechanics analysis is recommended for stress amplitude greater than 165 MPa. The fatigue curve is not valid for stress amplitude greater than 165 MPa.

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : AS 2885.1 Pipeline Combined Stress   ±

Calculate AS 2885.1 pipeline longitudinal stress and combined stress.

The stress check can be performed for longitudinal stress, Tresca stress and von Mises equivalent stress. Pipe axial load can be calculated for fully restrained pipe, unrestrained pipe, user defined external or global load, and user defined wall load. Bending moment can be calculated for in plane bending, out of plane bending, or combined in plane and out of plane bending. The stress concentration factors ii, io and it can be used for in plane, out of plane and torsion shear stress in pipe fittings. For straight pipe ii, io and it equal one.

Reference : Australian Standard AS 2885.1 : Pipelines - Gas And Liquid Petroleum Part 1 : Design And Construction (2015)

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CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL RP C203 Pipeline Fatigue Stress   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL RP C203 Fatigue Stress Amplitude   ±
CALCULATOR MODULE : DNVGL RP C203 Tubular Fatigue Stress   ±
DATA MODULE : Flange Bolt ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : Material Tensile Strength ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : ASME ANSI API Design Factor ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : DNVGL Design Factor ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Allowable Stress ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Plastic Component ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±

Data tables for ASME B31.1 power piping plastic components.

Design stress and temperature limits for thermoplastic piping (table N-102.2.1(a)-1), laminated reinforced thermosetting resin piping (table N-102.2.1(a)-2), and machine-made reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (table N-102.2.1(a)-3).

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping

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DATA MODULE : ASME B31.1 Power Piping Allowable Bolt Stress ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±

Bolt allowable stress data for ASME B31.1 power piping (Table A-10 US values).

Use the ASME B31.1 allowable bolt load and bolt stress calculators (see link below) to calculate the allowable bolt stress and allowable bolt load from temperature.

Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.1 : Power Piping

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Related Modules :

DATA MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Allowable Stress ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : ASME B31.3 Process Piping Allowable Bolt Stress ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
DATA MODULE : ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping Allowable Stress ( Open In Popup Workbook )   ±
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