Piping Fitting Pressure Loss

Calculate outlet pressure and pressure loss through piping and fittings.

The pressure loss is calculated from the Moody diagram using the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor. The Darcy friction factor can be calculated using either the Hagen-Poiseuille laminar flow equation, the original Colebrook White turbulent flow equation, or the modified Colebrook White equation. Changes in elevation are ignored.

For liquid piping with fittings the outlet pressure is calculated by:

`Po = P - 8 (fL/D+ΣK) ρ (Q^2) / (pi^2D^4) `
`ΔP = P - Po `

where :

ΔP = pressure loss
P =inlet pressure
Po = outlet pressure
Po = outlet pressure
ρ = fluid density
Q= fluid volume flowrate
f = Darcy friction factor
L = pipe length
D = pipe inside diameter
Σ K = total fitting K factor

For gas piping with fittings the outlet pressure is calculated by:

`Po = √(P^2 - 16m^2(fd.L / D + ΣK) (mma.SG.ZRoT)/(pi^2D^4) ) `

where :

m = gas mole flowrate
mma = air molar mass
SG = gas specific gravity
Z = gas compressibility factor
Ro = universal gas constant
T = gas temperature

For liquid fittings the outlet pressure is calculated by:

`Po = P - 8 K ρ (Q^2) / (pi^2D^4) `

where :

K = fitting K factor

For gas fittings the outlet pressure is calculated by:

`Po = √(P^2 - m^2K (16mma.SG.ZRoT)/(pi^2D^4) ) `

Change Module :

Gas Piping Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Liquid Piping Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Parallel And Series Piping Fitting Calculation Module
Piping Bend And Elbow Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Check Valve Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Control Valve Sizing Calculation Module
Piping Entry And Exit Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Fitting Fluid Property Calculation Module
Piping Fitting Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Reducer And Enlarger Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Valve Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
Piping Wye And Tee Minor Loss Factor Calculation Module
All

Related Modules :

Fluid Density And Volume Calculation Module
Gas Compressibility Factor Calculation Module
Line Pipe Cross Section Calculation Module
Liquid Kinematic And Dynamic Viscosity Calculation Module
More Fluid Flow Fittings Modules

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Links : ±

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Inside Diameter And Cross Section Area [FREE] ±

Calculate pipe fitting inside diameter and inside cross section area from pipe diameter and wall thickness.

Use the Result Table option to display a table of the inside diameter and cross section area versus either outside diameter or wall thickness.

Tool Input

schdtype : Schedule Type
diamtype : Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness

Tool Output

AX : Pipe Inside Cross Section Area
ID : Nominal Inside Diameter
OD : Nominal Outside Diameter
OD/tn : Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio
tn : Nominal Wall Thickness

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Liquid Flow Rate [FREE] ±

Calculate pipe fitting liquid velocity and flow rate.

Fluid density can be defined by density, specific gravity, degrees Baume, degrees Twaddell, or degrees API. For liquids lighter than or equal to water the density can be defined as degrees API, or degrees Baume (Be-). For liquids heavier than water the density can be defined by degrees Baume (Be+), or degrees Twaddell.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
sgtype : Density Type
- SGu : User Defined Specific Gravity
- Be+u : User Defined Degrees Baume SG > 1
- Be-u : User Defined Degrees Baume SG <= 1
- Twu : User Defined Degrees Twaddell SG > 1
- APIu : User Defined Degrees API SG <= 1
- ρu : User Defined Liquid Density
voltype : Fluid Flowrate Type
- Qfu : User Defined Volume Flow Rate
- Mfu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
- Vfu : User Defined Fluid Velocity

Tool Output

ρ : Fluid Density
API : Degrees API SG ≤ 1
Be+ : Degrees Baume SG > 1
Be- : Degrees Baume SG ≤ 1
ID : Inside Diameter
Mf : Liquid Mass Flowrate
Qf : Liquid Volume Flowrate
SG : Specific Gravity
Tw : Degrees Twaddell SG > 1
Vf : Fluid Velocity

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Gas Flow Rate [FREE] ±

Calculate pipe fitting gas velocity and flow rate.

The gas specific gravity is the ratio of gas density over the density of dry air at base temperature and pressure. The compressibility factor is assumed to equal 1 at the base conditions. The gas specific gravity is proportional to the gas molar mass.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
fluidtype : Gas Type
- SGu : User Defined Gas Specific Gravity
voltype : Gas Flowrate Type
- Qfu : User Defined Gas Volume Flow Rate
- Mfu : User Defined Gas Mass Flow Rate
- Ngu : User Defined Gas Mole Flow Rate
- Vfu : User Defined Gas Velocity
P : Gas Pressure
T : Gas Temperature
Z : Gas Compressibility Factor

Tool Output

ρ : Gas Density
ID : Inside Diameter
M : Gas Molar Mass
Mf : Gas Mass Flowrate
Ng : Gas Mole Flowrate
Qf : Gas Volume Flowrate (At T P)
R : Gas Constant
SG : Gas Specific Gravity
Vf : Gas Velocity
vg : Gas Mole Volume (At T P)

CALCULATOR : Liquid Pipe Pressure Loss From The Moody Diagram [FREE] ±

Calculate liquid pipeline pressure loss from the Moody diagram.

The Moody diagram combines the Hagen-Poiseuille laminar flow equation with the Colebrook White turbulent flow equation (either the original Colebrook White equation or the modified Colebrook White equation). The Moody diagram and friction factors are calculated using the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
visctype : Viscosity Type
- μu : User Defined Dynamic Viscosity
- νu : User Defined Kinematic Viscosity
voltype : Fluid Flow Rate Type
- Qu : User Defined Volume Flow Rate
- Mu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
- Vu : User Defined Fluid Velocity
- Reu : User Defined Reynolds Number
rfactype : Pipe Internal Roughness Type
- ru : User Defined Surface Roughness
- rru : User Defined Relative Roughness
fdtype : Darcy Friction Factor Type
- fdu : User Defined Darcy Friction Factor
ρ : Fluid Density
L : Pipe Length
K : Minor Loss K Factor
zi : Inlet Elevation Relative To Datum
zo : Outlet Elevation Relative To Datum
Pi : Inlet Pressure

Tool Output

ΔP : Friction Pressure Loss
μ : Dynamic Viscosity
ID : Inside Diameter
M : Mass Flowrate
Po : Outlet Pressure
Q : Volume Flowrate
Re : Reynolds Number
V : Fluid Velocity
cvg : Convergence Factor (≅ 1)
fd : Darcy Friction Factor
ff : Fanning Friction Factor
rr : Surface Roughness Ratio
td : Darcy Transmission Factor
tf : Fanning Transmission Factor

CALCULATOR : Gas Pipe Pressure Loss From The Moody Diagram [PLUS] ±

Calculate gas pipeline pressure loss from the Moody diagram.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
fluidtype : Fluid Property Type
- SGu : User Defined Gas Specific Gravity
- μu : User Defined Dynamic Viscosity
voltype : Fluid Flow Rate Type
- Qfu : User Defined Gas Volume Flow Rate
- Mfu : User Defined Gas Mass Flow Rate
- Ngu : User Defined Gas Mole Flow Rate
- Vfu : User Defined Gas Velocity
- Reu : User Defined Reynolds Number
rfactype : Pipe Internal Roughness Type
- ru : User Defined Surface Roughness
- rru : User Defined Relative Roughness
fdtype : Darcy Friction Factor Type
- fdu : User Defined Darcy Friction Factor
flowtype : Pressure For Fluid Property Calculation
L : Pipe Length
K : K Factor
zi : Inlet Elevation Relative To Datum
zo : Outlet Elevation Relative To Datum
Pi : Inlet Pressure
T : Fluid Temperature
Z : Compressibility Factor

Tool Output

ΔP : Friction Pressure Loss
μ : Dynamic Viscosity
ρ : Fluid Density (At Pf)
ID : Inside Diameter
Mf : Mass Flowrate
Ng : Mole Flow Rate
Pa : Average Fluid Pressure
Pf : Pressure For Fluid Property Calculation
Po : Outlet Pressure
Qf : Volume Flowrate (At Pf)
Re : Reynolds Number (At Inlet)
SG : Gas Specific Gravity
Vf : Fluid Velocity (At Pf)
cvg : Convergence Factor (≅ 1)
es : Elevation Constant
fd : Darcy Friction Factor
ff : Fanning Friction Factor
ls : Length Constant
rr : Surface Roughness Ratio
ss : Elevation Exponent
td : Darcy Transmission Factor
tf : Fanning Transmission Factor
vg : Mole Specific Volume (At Pf)

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Convert Minor Loss Factor [FREE] ±

Convert pipe fitting friction factor K, discharge coefficient Cd, dimensionless flow coefficient Cv*, and flow coefficients Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us, Cv-met and Kv.

The dimensionless flow coefficient Cv* equals Cv-us / IDin^2, where IDin is the valve inside diameter in inches. For control valves a maximum Cv* value of 30 is recommended, equivalent to a minimum K factor of 1.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
factype : Input Factor Type
- Avu : User Defined SI Flow Coefficient
- Cv-uku : User Defined UK Flow Coefficient
- Cv-usu : User Defined US Flow Coefficient
- Cv-metu : User Defined Metric Flow Coefficient
- Kvu : User Defined EU Flow Coefficient
- Ku : User Defined Friction Factor
- Cdu : User Defined Discharge Coefficient
- Cvu* : User Defined Dimensionless Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)

Tool Output

Av : SI Flow Coefficient
Cd : Discharge Coefficient
Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
ID : Inside Diameter
IDin : Inside Diameter Inches
K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
Kv : EU Flow Coefficient

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Liquid Flowrate And Delta Pressure From Flow Factor [FREE] ±

Calculate liquid pipe fitting flowrate and delta pressure from either the volume flowrate, mass flowrate, or delta pressure.

The flow factor can be defined by either a friction factor K, discharge coefficient Cd, or flow coefficient Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us, Cv-met or Kv.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
factype : Flow Factor Type
- Avu : User Defined SI Flow Coefficient
- Cv-uku : User Defined UK Flow Coefficient
- Cv-usu : User Defined US Flow Coefficient
- Cv-metu : User Defined Metric Flow Coefficient
- Kvu : User Defined EU Flow Coefficient
- Ku : User Defined Friction Factor
- Cdu : User Defined Discharge Coefficient
- Cvu* : User Defined Dimensionless Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
qptype : Fluid Flowrate Type
- Qu : User Defined Volume Flowrate
- Mu : User Defined Mass Flowrate
- ΔPu : User Defined Delta Pressure
ρ : Fluid Density

Tool Output

ΔP : Pressure Difference
Av : SI Flow Coefficient
Cd : Discharge Coefficient
Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
ID : Inside Diameter
IDin : Inside Diameter Inches
K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
Kv : EU Flow Coefficient
M : Mass Flowrate
Q : Volume Flowrate
V : Velocity

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Gas Flowrate And Delta Pressure From Flow Factor [FREE] ±

Calculate gas pipe fitting flowrate and outlet pressure from either the mole flowrate, mass flowrate, or outlet pressure.

The flow factor can be defined by either a friction factor K, discharge coefficient Cd, or flow coefficient Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us, Cv-met or Kv. Check the gas velocity. The calculation is valid for low gas velocity with assumed constant temperature. At high velocity the flowrate is reduced by compressibility effects.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
factype : Flow Factor Type
- Avu : User Defined SI Flow Coefficient
- Cv-uku : User Defined UK Flow Coefficient
- Cv-usu : User Defined US Flow Coefficient
- Cv-metu : User Defined Metric Flow Coefficient
- Kvu : User Defined EU Flow Coefficient
- Ku : User Defined Friction Factor
- Cdu : User Defined Discharge Coefficient
- Cvu* : User Defined Dimensionless Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
fluidtype : Gas Type
- SGu : User Defined Gas Specific Gravity
qptype : Gas Flowrate Type
- Mu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
- Nu : User Defined Mole Flow Rate
- Pou : User Defined Outlet Pressure
Pi : Inlet Pressure
T : Gas Temperature
Z : Compressibility Factor

Tool Output

ΔP : Pressure Difference
Av : SI Flow Coefficient
Cd : Discharge Coefficient
Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
ID : Inside Diameter
IDin : Inside Diameter Inches
K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
Kv : EU Flow Coefficient
M : Mass Flowrate
N : Gas Mole Flow Rate
Po : Outlet Pressure
SG : Gas Specific Gravity
V : Velocity
mmg : Gas Molar Mass

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Liquid Minor Loss Factor From Flowrate And Delta Pressure [FREE] ±

Calculate liquid pipe fitting K factor, discharge coefficient Cd, dimensionless flow coefficient Cv*, and flow coefficients Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us and Kv from flowrate and delta pressure.

The flowrate can be entered as either volume flowrate, or mass flowrate.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
qptype : Fluid Flow Type
- Qu : User Defined Volume Flowrate
- Mu : User Defined Mass Flowrate
ΔP : Pressure Difference
ρ : Fluid Density

Tool Output

Av : SI Flow Coefficient
Cd : Discharge Coefficient
Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
ID : Inside Diameter
IDin : Inside Diameter Inches
K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
Kv : EU Flow Coefficient
M : Mass Flowrate
Q : Volume Flowrate
V : Velocity

CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Gas Minor Loss Factor From Flowrate And Pressure [FREE] ±

Calculate gas pipe fitting K factor, discharge coefficient Cd, dimensionless flow coefficient Cv*, and flow coefficients Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us and Kv from flowrate and pressure.

The flowrate can be entered as either mole flowrate, or mass flowrate. The calculation is valid for low gas velocity with assumed constant temperature. At high velocity the flowrate is reduced by compressibility effects. Check that the gas velocity is low.

Tool Input

schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
- ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
- IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
- tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
fluidtype : Gas Type
- SGu : User Defined Gas Specific Gravity
qptype : Gas Flowrate Type
- Mu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
- Nu : User Defined Mole Flow Rate
Pi : Inlet Pressure
Po : Outlet Pressure
T : Gas Temperature
Z : Compressibility Factor

Tool Output

ΔP : Pressure Difference
Av : SI Flow Coefficient
Cd : Discharge Coefficient
Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
ID : Inside Diameter
IDin : Inside Diameter Inches
K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
Kv : EU Flow Coefficient
M : Mass Flowrate
N : Gas Mole Flow Rate
SG : Gas Specific Gravity
V : Velocity
mmg : Gas Molar Mass