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Piping Valve Minor Loss Factor

Calculate typical pipe valve minor loss factors (K, Cd, Cv*, Av, Cv-uk, Cv-us, Cv-met and Kv).

The valves are assumed to be fully open. For full port valves the valve port cross section area equals the nominal internal cross section area. For reduced port valves the valve port cross section area is less than the nominal internal cross section area. For circular valve ports the diameter ratio is equal to the valve port diameter over the nominal inside diameter. For non circular valve ports, use the square root of the internal area ratio (the square root of the valve port area over the nominal internal area).

Minor loss factors are calculated for:

  • Av (SI) flow coefficient - the flow in cubic meters per second fluid density 1 kilogram per cubic meter which gives a pressure drop of 1 Pa
  • Cv-uk (UK) flow coefficient - the flow in UK gallons per minute of water at 60 degrees F which gives a pressure drop of 1 psi
  • Cv-us (US) flow coefficient - the flow in US gallons per minute of water at 60 degrees F which gives a pressure drop of 1 psi
  • Cv-met (Metric) flow coefficient - the flow in liters per minute of water at 16 degrees C which gives a pressure drop of 1 bar
  • Kv (EU) flow coefficient - the flow in cubic meters per hour of water at 16 degrees C which gives a pressure drop of 1 bar
  • Cv* the dimensionless US flow factor = Cv-us / din^2 (din is the inside diameter in inches)
  • K factor - the ratio of pressure loss over the dynamic pressure
  • Cd or discharge coefficient - the ratio of the actual flow rate of the fluid through the fitting over the frictionless flow rate.

The calculated values are typical. Manufacturers data should be used if it is available.

Reference : Crane Technical Paper 410M Metric Version : Flow Of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings And Pipe

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CALCULATOR : Valve Typical Minor Loss Factor [FREE]   ±

Calculate typical gas and liquid valve friction factor and flow coefficients.

The valves are assumed to be fully open. For full port valves the valve port cross section area equals the nominal internal cross section area. For reduced port valves the valve port cross section area is less than the nominal internal cross section area. For circular valve ports the diameter ratio is equal to the valve port diameter over the nominal inside diameter. For non circular valve ports, use the square root of the internal area ratio (the square root of the valve port area over the nominal internal area).

The dimensionless flow coefficient Cv* equals Cv-us / IDin^2, where IDin is the valve inside diameter in inches. For control valves, a maximum Cv* value of 30 is recommended (equivalent to a minimum K factor of 1). The flow factors are applicable for low velocity gas and liquid flow. Choking can occur at high flow velocity, and compressible gas behaviour affects gas flowrate (refer to control valve calculations). The calculated values are typical. Manufacturers data should be used if it is available.

Reference : Crane Technical Paper 410M Metric Version : Flow Of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings And Pipe

Tool Input

  • schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
  • diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
    • ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
    • IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
  • wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
    • tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
  • rfactype : Pipe Roughness Type
    • εu : User Defined Surface Roughness
    • rru : User Defined Relative Roughness
  • vktype : Valve Type (Fully Open Valve)
  • angtype : Transition Angle Type (Gate Ball Butterfly And Disk Check Valves Only)
    • Φu : User Defined Transition Cone Angle
  • factype : Friction Factor Type
    • D1/D2 : User Defined Valve Port Diameter Over Valve Diameter Ratio

Tool Output

  • ε : Pipe Internal Roughness
  • ε/ID : Pipe Relative Rougness
  • Av : SI Flow Coefficient
  • Cd : Discharge Coefficient
  • Cv* : Dimensionless US Flow Coefficient (Cv-us / IDin^2)
  • Cv-met : Metric Flow Coefficient
  • Cv-uk : UK Flow Coefficient
  • Cv-us : US Flow Coefficient
  • ID : Pipe Inside Diameter
  • IDin : Valve Inside Diameter (inches)
  • K : Friction Factor Or Resistance Factor
  • Kv : EU Flow Coefficient
  • fr : Pipe Roughness Factor
CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Inside Diameter And Cross Section Area [FREE]   ±

Calculate pipe fitting inside diameter and inside cross section area from pipe diameter and wall thickness.

Use the Result Table option to display a table of the inside diameter and cross section area versus either outside diameter or wall thickness.

Tool Input

  • schdtype : Schedule Type
  • diamtype : Diameter Type
    • ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
    • IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
  • wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
    • tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness

Tool Output

  • AX : Pipe Inside Cross Section Area
  • ID : Nominal Inside Diameter
  • OD : Nominal Outside Diameter
  • OD/tn : Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio
  • tn : Nominal Wall Thickness
CALCULATOR : Pipe Fitting Relative Roughness And Roughness Factor [FREE]   ±

Calculate pipe fitting internal roughness, relative roughness and roughness factor.

The roughness factor is used to calculate minor losses in valves and fittings. The internal roughness is used to calculate the Darcy friction factor.

Tool Input

  • schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
  • diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
    • ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
    • IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
  • wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
    • tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
  • rfactype : Pipe Roughness Type
    • εu : User Defined Surface Roughness
    • rru : User Defined Relative Roughness

Tool Output

  • ε : Pipe Internal Roughness
  • ε/ID : Pipe Relative Rougness
  • ID : Pipe Inside Diameter
  • fr : Pipe Roughness Factor
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