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Water Pipeline Pressure Loss From The Hazen Williams Equation

Calculate pressure loss for single phase liquid pipelines using the Hazen Williams equation. For SI units

`Q = 0.85 c.A.rh^0.63 s^0.54 `
`rh = ID/4 `

where :

Q = flow rate
A = cross section area
ID = inside diameter
rh = hydraulic radius
s = channel slope
c = Hazen Williams friction factor

The Hazen Williams equation was developed for water pipes. Pipe roughness is accounted for using the Hazen Williams friction factor. The hydraulic radius is the ratio of pipe cross section area over pipe circumference (r/2 = ID/4). Valves, tees and other pipe fittings should be included by adding a minor loss equivalent length to the pipeline length.

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CALCULATOR : Water Pipeline Pressure Loss From Hazen Williams Equation [FREE]   ±

Calculate water pipeline outlet pressure from flow rate and diameter using the Hazen-Williams equation.

The Hazen Williams equation was developed for water pipelines. The Hazen Williams roughness coefficient C can either use predefined values, or user defined.

Tool Input

  • schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
  • diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
    • ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
    • IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
  • wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
    • tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
  • voltype : Fluid Flow Rate Type
    • Qu : User Defined Volume Flow Rate
    • Mu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
    • Vu : User Defined Fluid Velocity
  • cfactype : Pipe Internal Roughness Type
    • Cu : User Defined Pipe Internal Roughness Factor
  • ρ : Fluid Density
  • L : Pipe Length
  • zi : Inlet Elevation Relative To Datum
  • zo : Outlet Elevation Relative To Datum
  • Pi : Inlet Pressure

Tool Output

  • ΔP : Friction Pressure Loss
  • C : Hazen Williams Roughness Factor
  • ID : Inside Diameter
  • M : Mass Flowrate
  • Po : Outlet Pressure
  • Q : Volume Flowrate
  • V : Fluid Velocity
  • fd : Equivalent Darcy Friction Factor
  • r : Hydraulic Radius
  • s : Hydraulic Grade Line Slope (ΔH/L)
CALCULATOR : Water Pipeline Pressure Loss From Moody Diagram [FREE]   ±

Calculate water pipeline outlet pressure from volume flow rate and diameter using the Moody diagram.

The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor may be calculated using either the Hagen-Poiseuille laminar flow equation, the original Colebrook White equation, the modified Colebrook White equation, or may be user defined. The water properties can be set for fresh water or salt water.

Tool Input

  • schdtype : Pipe Schedule Type
  • diamtype : Pipe Diameter Type
    • ODu : User Defined Outside Diameter
    • IDu : User Defined Inside Diameter
  • wtntype : Wall Thickness Type
    • tnu : User Defined Wall Thickness
  • wtype : Water Type
  • voltype : Fluid Flow Rate Type
    • Qu : User Defined Volume Flow Rate
    • Mu : User Defined Mass Flow Rate
    • Vu : User Defined Fluid Velocity
    • Reu : User Defined Reynolds Number
  • rfactype : Pipe Internal Roughness Type
    • ru : User Defined Surface Roughness
    • rru : User Defined Relative Roughness
  • fdtype : Darcy Friction Factor Type
    • fdu : User Defined Darcy Friction Factor
  • L : Pipe Length
  • K : Minor Loss K Factor
  • zi : Inlet Elevation Relative To Datum
  • zo : Outlet Elevation Relative To Datum
  • Pi : Inlet Pressure

Tool Output

  • ΔP : Friction Pressure Loss
  • μ : Water Dynamic Viscosity
  • ρ : Water Density
  • ID : Inside Diameter
  • M : Mass Flowrate
  • Po : Outlet Pressure
  • Q : Volume Flowrate
  • Re : Reynolds Number
  • V : Fluid Velocity
  • cvg : Convergence Factor (≅ 1)
  • fd : Darcy Friction Factor
  • ff : Fanning Friction Factor
  • rr : Surface Roughness Ratio
  • td : Darcy Transmission Factor
  • tf : Fanning Transmission Factor
CALCULATOR : Water Pipeline Sea Water Density And Viscosity From Temperature [FREE]   ±

Calculate seawater density and viscosity at atmospheric pressure from temperature, and practical salinity.

Seawater viscosity is calculated from fresh water viscosity using the equation from Sharqawy (2010). The fresh water viscosity is calculated from temperature and density using the IAPWS R12-08 industrial equations. Practical salinity = parts per thousand of dissolved solids (mainly salt). The absolute salinity is taken as 35.16504 / 35 times the practical salinity. The absolute salinity anomaly δSA is ignored.

Tool Input

  • T : Seawater Temperature

Tool Output

  • μ : Dynamic Viscosity
  • ν : Kinematic Viscosity
  • ρ : Seawater Density
CALCULATOR : Water Pipeline Fresh Water Density And Viscosity From Temperature [FREE]   ±

Calculate fresh water density and viscosity from temperature at atmospheric pressure (IAPWS R12-08 and IAPWS R7-97 steam table).

The calculation is valid from 0 to 100 degrees C. Use the Result Plot option to plot viscosity versus temperature.

Tool Input

  • T : Temperature

Tool Output

  • μ : Dynamic Viscosity
  • ν : Kinematic Viscosity
  • ρ : Density
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