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IAPWS R7-97 Steam Isentropic Efficiency

Calculate IAPWS R7-97 steam isentropic efficiency from inlet and outlet temperature and pressure.

Isentropic efficiency is the ratio of the change in enthalpy of an actual process over the change in enthalpy of an isentropic constant entropy process. The maximum possible isentropic efficiency is 100%. For an isentropic process the change in entropy equals 0. The actual change in entropy must be ≥ 0. For a steam turbine the output work is ≤ the change in enthalpy. The turbine efficiency is the ratio of output work over the change in enthalpy.

The inlet temperature and pressure are assumed to be greater than the outlet temperature and pressure. The anomaly zone is set to region 2 (region 3 does not converge properly). Use the Result Plot option to plot isentropic properties and isentropic temperature versus outlet pressure.

Note : There is an anomaly in the steam calculation for region 3 between the saturated vapour line, the region 2/3 boundary, and the critical pressure. Refer to the region 3 anomaly help page for more details (click the utility button on the data bar). IAPWS R7-97 is intended for industrial use, and is a simplified version of IAPWS R6-95 for scientific use. IAPWS R7-97 was developed as an improvement of the IFC-67 model.

Reference : IAPWS R7-97 Industrial Formulation for thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam

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CALCULATOR : IAPWS R7-97 Saturated Steam [FREE]   ±

Calculate steam saturation pressure and temperature (IAPWS R7-97 section 8).

The saturation point can be calculated from either the saturation temperature, or the saturation pressure. The calculation is valid between 273.15 K, and the critical point, 647.096 K. Use the Result Plot option to plot the steam temperature and pressure and steam properties versus either temperature or pressure.

Note : The speed of sound is not calculated for liquid vapour mixtures.

Tool Input

  • anomtype : Region 2/3 Anomaly Type
  • proptype : Steam Phase
    • Xu : User Defined Saturated Steam Quality
  • sattype : Saturation Pressure Type
    • Psu : User Defined Saturation Pressure
    • Tsu : User Defined Saturation Temperature

Tool Output

  • ρ : Density
  • Cp : Specific Heat Constant Pressure
  • Cp-Cv : Delta Specific Heat (Cp - Cv)
  • Cp/Cv : Specific Heat Ratio
  • Cv : Specific Heat Constant Volume
  • Ps : Saturation Pressure
  • Ts : Saturation Temperature
  • Vc : Speed Of Sound
  • Z : Compressibility Factor
  • cvg : Convergence Check
  • h : Enthalpy
  • s : Entropy
  • u : Internal Energy
  • vg : Mole Specific Volume
  • vm : Specific Volume
  • wv : Specific Weight

CALCULATOR : IAPWS R7-97 Steam Table [FREE]   ±

Calculate steam table from temperature and pressure (IAPWS R7-97 Steam Table).

Steam table values can be calculated for water and steam, saturated water, saturated steam, saturated water and steam, metastable water, and metastable steam. The calculations for water and steam are valid between 273.15 K and 1073.15 K (0 to 100 MPa), and between 1073.15 K and 2273.15 K (0 to 50 MPa).

The saturated water and steam calculations are valid between 273.15 K and 647.096 K.

The metastable calculation is valid between 273.15 K and 647.096 K, and for pressure from the saturated vapour line to the 5% equilibium moisture line (user defined). Use the Result Plot option to plot the steam properties versus temperature and pressure.

Tool Input

  • anomtype : Region 2/3 Anomaly Type
  • proptype : Steam Phase
    • Pu : User Defined Pressure
    • Tu : User Defined Temperature
    • Xu : User Defined Saturated Steam Quality

Tool Output

  • ρ : Density
  • Cp : Specific Heat Constant Pressure
  • Cp-Cv : Delta Specific Heat (Cp - Cv)
  • Cp/Cv : Specific Heat Ratio
  • Cv : Specific Heat Constant Volume
  • P : Pressure
  • T : Temperature
  • Vc : Speed Of Sound
  • Z : Compressibility Factor
  • cvg : Convergence Check
  • h : Enthalpy
  • s : Entropy
  • u : Internal Energy
  • vg : Mole Specific Volume
  • vm : Specific Volume
  • wv : Specific Weight

CALCULATOR : IAPWS R7-97 Steam Isentropic Efficiency [PLUS]   ±

Calculate steam isentropic efficiency from inlet and outlet temperature and pressure (IAPWS R7-97 steam table).

Isentropic efficiency is the ratio of the change in enthalpy of an actual process over the change in enthalpy of an isentropic constant entropy process. The maximum possible isentropic efficiency is 100%. For a steam turbine the output work is ≤ the change in enthalpy. For an isentropic process the change in entropy equals 0. The actual change in entropy must be ≥ 0. For a steam turbine the output work is ≤ the change in enthalpy.

Steam velocity and changes in elevation are ignored. The inlet temperature and pressure are assumed to be greater than the outlet temperature and pressure. The anomaly zone is set to region 2 (region 3 does not converge properly). Use the Result Plot option to plot isentropic properties and isentropic temperature versus outlet pressure.

Tool Input

  • proptype : Outlet Steam Phase
    • Pou : User Defined Outlet Pressure
    • Tou : User Defined Outlet Temperature
    • Xou : User Defined Outlet Steam Quality
  • modetype : Fluid Property Type
  • Pi : Inlet Pressure
  • Ti : Inlet Temperature

Tool Output

  • ηs : Isentropic Efficiency
  • ρ : Density
  • Cp : Specific Heat Constant Pressure
  • Cp-Cv : Delta Specific Heat (Cp - Cv)
  • Cp/Cv : Specific Heat Ratio
  • Cv : Specific Heat Constant Volume
  • Po : Outlet Pressure
  • To : Outlet Temperature
  • Ts : Isentropic Temperature
  • Vc : Speed Of Sound
  • Xs : Isentropic Steam Quality (Saturated Liquid And Vapour Only)
  • Z : Compressibility Factor
  • cvg : Convergence Check
  • h : Enthalpy
  • hΔo : Outlet Delta Enthalpy
  • hΔs : Isentropic Delta Enthalpy
  • s : Entropy
  • sΔo : Outlet Delta Entropy
  • sΔs : Isentropic Delta Entropy
  • u : Internal Energy
  • vg : Mole Specific Volume
  • vm : Specific Volume
  • wv : Specific Weight